汉坦病毒动态 — 最新通报与时间线

Santé publique France confirms the symptomatic French woman from the 10 May Le Bourget repatriation has tested PCR-positive for Andes virus overnight; her condition rapidly deteriorates and she is moved to Bichat's intensive care unit in critical condition. WHO escalates the global confirmed count to 7. Health Minister Stéphanie Rist orders 15-day isolation for the four other returnees (who all test negative on arrival) and a contact-tracing operation around 22 secondary contacts.

Spanish Health Minister Mónica García announces on the evening of 11 May that one of the 14 Spanish nationals evacuated to Gómez Ulla has tested provisionally PCR-positive on the day-1 arrival sample. The case is asymptomatic and in good general health. The remaining 13 Spanish passengers test provisionally negative; confirmatory NICD-coordinated sequencing is pending. ECDC notes this brings the total laboratory-positive cohort to 9 (8 confirmed + 1 preliminary).

Second Dutch-chartered medevac from Tenerife lands at Eindhoven on 11 May carrying 22 additional Hondius evacuees (the Australian flight's overflow is folded into this Dutch flight). Dutch ministry confirms 6-week home quarantine for nationals; remaining nationalities transferred to GGD-arranged accommodation under RIVM monitoring.

MV Hondius departs Granadilla bound for Rotterdam for full disinfection, with the deceased German passenger's body still aboard. Skeleton crew of 27: 17 Filipinos, 4 Dutch (2 crew + 2 medical staff), 4 Ukrainians, 1 Russian and 1 Pole. Oceanwide Expeditions estimates a 5-day passage with arrival on 17 May; Spanish Marítima escorts the ship out of Canarian waters.

ECDC's 11 May daily situation update raises the case count to 7 confirmed + 2 probable (9 total, 3 deaths) and notes the Sequence Analysis posted on virological.org. EU/EEA general-population risk reaffirmed as VERY LOW. ECDC warns that 'because of remaining uncertainties and the long incubation period, additional cases in former passengers and crew may emerge over the coming weeks' and asks Member States to continue 42-day active monitoring of all returnees.

UKHSA publishes its 11 May situation update on gov.uk: 2 UK-confirmed cases plus 1 suspected (the Tristan da Cunha resident); 20 British nationals at Arrowe Park; 3 Britons being treated abroad (Netherlands, Tristan da Cunha, South Africa); 2 Britons returned via US flights; 1 returning via Australia; 4 British nationals remain on Saint Helena. Prof Robin May (UKHSA Chief Scientific Officer): 'Clinical assessments and testing are now underway at Arrowe Park, and the staff there have practised for exactly this kind of repatriation many times over.'

Argentina's Ministerio de Salud, supported by PAHO and the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, deploys a field team to the Ushuaia municipal landfill on 11 May to trap rodents and screen them for Andes virus. Provincial Director of Epidemiology continues to characterise the landfill link as a 'rumor that has not been confirmed.' Officials note the Andes South strain is normally carried by the long-tailed pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys longicaudatus) found in Chubut, Río Negro and Neuquén — a Tierra del Fuego subspecies exists but its competence as a reservoir is unconfirmed.

MV Hondius docks at Granadilla Port ~05:30 local. 147 onboard transferred to a military hospital for individual rooms, PCR on arrival and again at day 7 before repatriation. Aggregate at docking: 8 cases (6 confirmed + 2 probable), 3 deaths; 6 EU + 4 non-EU repatriation flights scheduled. Order on the day: Spain → Canada → Dutch-chartered (NL/DE/BE/GR) → Türkiye / France / UK / US → Australia (final flight, departing 11 May for AU/NZ/Asia).

All 14 Spanish nationals are first to disembark MV Hondius, transfer by sealed convoy to Tenerife Sur airport, and fly under guard to Madrid for supervised isolation at the Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla — the military hospital used by the Ministerio de Sanidad for high-risk-contact quarantine. 13 test provisionally PCR-negative on arrival; 42-day active monitoring follows.

Repatriation flight carrying 5 French nationals lands at Le Bourget shortly before 16:30 local; one woman develops symptoms onboard. Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu issues an emergency decree authorising strict isolation; all 5 transferred to Bichat–Claude Bernard Hospital high-containment ward. Initial plan was 72 hours of observation; on 11 May the symptomatic woman tests PCR-positive for Andes virus and is moved to intensive care in critical condition, extending the four other passengers' isolation to 15 days and triggering Santé publique France contact tracing of 22 secondary contacts.

Canadian Armed Forces charter from Tenerife lands at CFB Bagotville, Québec. PHAC takes 4 Canadian returnees off the aircraft, then transfers them by medical flight to Victoria, BC for a minimum 21-day supervised home-isolation under PHAC's National Microbiology Laboratory; 42-day active monitoring follows. Two further Canadians from the Saint Helena disembark cohort remain in tracked self-isolation in Ontario.

Gustavo Palacios (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai) posts a preliminary phylogenetic analysis on virological.org of the Hondius ANDV sequences shared by Institut Pasteur de Dakar and NICD. The strain (provisionally ANDV/Hondius/2026) shows 98.76% and 98.75% nucleotide identity with archived Argentine Andes virus genomes from 1997 and 2018 — consistent with a single zoonotic spillover event near Ushuaia followed by human-to-human transmission onboard. No evidence of a new variant with altered virulence or transmissibility.

UK-chartered RAF Voyager lands at Manchester ~21:00 local with 22 evacuees off MV Hondius (19 passengers + 3 crew) — including 20 British nationals, 1 German UK-resident and 1 Japanese passenger. All transfer by sealed convoy to self-contained flats at Arrowe Park Hospital, Wirral (the COVID-19 returnee facility) for 72 hours of supervised quarantine, then up to 45 days of home self-isolation with daily UKHSA contact. PCR on arrival; UKHSA Director-General Prof Susan Hopkins confirms two existing UK confirmed cases.

First Dutch government-chartered flight from Tenerife lands at Eindhoven Air Base between 20:45 and 21:45 local time with 26 evacuees — 8 Dutch nationals plus 18 from other countries (including Belgian, German and Greek passengers; non-Dutch transfer onward to GGD-arranged quarantine sites under RIVM oversight). Dutch nationals begin 6-week home quarantine.

Turkish government-chartered medevac repatriates 3 Turkish citizens from Tenerife on 10 May. The cohort includes travel vlogger Ruhi Çenet, his cameraman and birdwatcher / photographer Emin Yoğurtçuoğlu; all are placed in supervised isolation at a designated Istanbul hospital by the Turkish Sağlık Bakanlığı for 42-day monitoring. Asymptomatic on arrival, awaiting PCR.

RAF A400M Atlas, dispatched from Ascension, parachute-drops 8 personnel of 16 Air Assault Brigade (6 paratroopers + 2 military clinicians) and 3.3 tonnes of medical supplies onto Edinburgh of the Seven Seas — the island has 221 residents and no runway. UK MOD calls it the first British military deployment of clinicians by parachute for a humanitarian mission. Mission supports the Tristan-resident probable Case 8.

ECDC publishes a Rapid Scientific Advice plus passenger-management guidance for EU/EEA disembarkation, transfer and aftercare. Reaffirms 6 confirmed + 2 probable cases (CFR 38%) and EU/EEA general-population risk as very low.

WHO Director-General Dr Tedros publishes a video message to the people of Tenerife: 'this is not another COVID', current public health risk remains low. Disembarkation will use sealed, guarded vehicles via a cordoned corridor to the industrial port of Granadilla, away from residential areas; passengers repatriated directly to home countries.

WHO Director-General arrives Tenerife to oversee disembarkation; Spain coordinates evacuation flights with 22 countries (6 EU + 4 non-EU).

Singapore's Communicable Diseases Agency confirms via press release that both returned MV Hondius travellers — a 67-year-old Singaporean (arrived 2 May) and a 65-year-old Singapore PR (arrived 6 May) — held in isolation at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases have tested PCR-negative for hantavirus on multiple samples through the National Public Health Laboratory. Both remain in 30-day quarantine from last exposure with a final test before release.

CDC issues HAN00528 and activates a Level-3 emergency response (the agency's lowest level). A CDC team is sent on 7 May to meet the ship in the Canary Islands; epidemiologists are also positioned at Offutt AFB (Omaha). Risk to the U.S. public assessed as extremely low. Clinicians instructed to consider HPS in symptomatic patients with relevant exposure within 42 days, and to use airborne isolation + N95 PPE.

32-year-old Spanish woman resident in Alicante — seated two rows behind Case 2 on KLM KL592 — develops fever and respiratory symptoms; hospitalized and tested. PCR pending; covered by GGD Kennemerland's wider passive monitoring of ~60 KL592 contacts (same row ±2).

Second British KL592 passenger tests positive. UKHSA confirms all 30 Saint Helena disembarks identified and contact-traced.

British resident hospitalized on Tristan da Cunha as suspected case after the Apr 13–15 ship visit; spouse isolating.

Dutch national (41, ship's doctor) reaches Radboudumc after the air ambulance diverted to Gran Canaria for life-support failure; tests positive for Andes virus.

KLM KL592 flight attendant who escorted Case 2 hospitalized in Amsterdam on suspicion; PCR returns negative on May 8.

UKHSA confirms all 30 Saint Helena disembarks have been identified and contact-traced across 12 countries. Two British nationals isolating in the UK; no symptoms. UKHSA also leads tracing for the 16 Air Assault Brigade air-drop personnel deployed to Tristan da Cunha and for KL592 contacts on UK arrival.

British ex-police officer (56) air-ambulanced from MV Hondius to LUMC isolation unit.

65-yo German national air-ambulanced from MV Hondius to a Düsseldorf hospital.

Canary Islands president Fernando Clavijo initially refuses MV Hondius entry, citing memories of COVID-19 cruise quarantines. Spain's Ministry of Health (Health Minister Mónica García) overrules the regional position the same day and authorises arrival at Granadilla, calling the operation 'unprecedented'.

ECDC publishes its first Threat Assessment Brief on the cluster: EU/EEA general-population risk assessed as VERY LOW. Andes virus' rodent reservoir (Oligoryzomys longicaudatus) is absent from Europe, North America and Asia; sustained onward transmission is considered unlikely.

Saint Helena disembark (adult male) hospitalized in Zürich; PCR confirms Andes virus.

Gene sequencing at Institut Pasteur de Dakar (corroborated by South Africa's NICD) confirms Andes hantavirus as the outbreak strain. WHO publishes Disease Outbreak News 2026-DON599 the same day: 7 cases (2 confirmed + 5 suspected), 3 deaths, 1 critically ill, 3 mild — global risk assessed as low.

Ship anchors off Praia. Cape Verdean authorities deploy medical supplies; specimens forwarded to Institut Pasteur de Dakar and South Africa's NICD for sequencing.

Case 4 (German woman) dies onboard with pneumonia. WHO formally notified of the cruise-ship cluster; body remains aboard.

ProMED-mail issues an undiagnosed-illness alert (PRO/AH/EDR > 20260502.8923xxx) describing a cluster of severe respiratory illness with rapid progression to ARDS and shock among MV Hondius passengers; calls attention to the cruise's recent rodent-rich port calls and to Andes virus as a differential. Specimens are en route to Institut Pasteur de Dakar and South Africa's NICD.

Case 3 (British male, febrile pneumonia) medically evacuated from Ascension to Johannesburg ICU; PCR-confirmed Andes virus on May 2.

Case 2 boards KLM KL592 (Johannesburg → Amsterdam) but deteriorates onboard during the ~45-minute pre-departure window, is removed from the aircraft, and dies at OR Tambo emergency department on 26 April; PCR confirms Andes virus on 4 May. NICD opens flight contact-tracing for KL592 and the Apr 25 Airlink flight (82 passengers + 6 crew).

Saint Helena port call: body of Case 1 finally removed (13 days post-death); 30–40 passengers disembark across 12 countries. One adult male disembark later hospitalized in Zürich (May 5).

Case 2 (69-yo wife of index case) disembarks Saint Helena and boards an Airlink flight to Johannesburg en route home; deteriorates during the connection.

Scheduled port call (13–15 Apr); passengers and crew interact with island residents. No outbreak identified at the time.

Index case (Case 1) dies onboard after febrile illness with rapid respiratory deterioration; death initially attributed to natural causes; body retained on the vessel.

MV Hondius (Dutch-flagged, 147 onboard from 23 countries — 86 passengers + 61 crew) departs Ushuaia for an Antarctic / South Atlantic voyage. Index case (70-yo Dutch man, 'Case 1') was in Argentina, Chile and Uruguay for ~3 months from late November 2025; probably exposed before boarding.